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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Brand America Neat Over again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Once again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized past Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let's Make America Swell Again" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Beak Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's employ of the phrase "probably the nigh resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the land was in decline.[two] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilisation phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United states, regarding it as canis familiaris-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[iv] [5] [6] [7] The slogan was also at the heart of 2 events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[viii] [ix] [ten] [11]

Use earlier Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was offset used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a voice communication at the tertiary session of the 76th Us Congress in anticipation of the 1940 U.s. presidential election: "What is the way? Hither is America. At that place are 130,000,000 of united states. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can requite them the spirit which volition beget vision. That volition make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was plant in some advertizement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America great again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'southward 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the land'due south economical distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance voice communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without chore opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned promise, we'll restore hope and nosotros'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America great once more."[xviii] [19]

Pecker Clinton [edit]

The phrase was as well used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton as well used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential main entrada.[22]

During the 2016 electoral entrada, Clinton suggested that Trump'due south version, used every bit a campaign rallying weep, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy y'all had l years ago, and... move you back up on the social totem pole and other people downward."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'south volume about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a Usa Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Printing on August sixteen, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let'due south Do What It Takes to Make America Corking Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Keen Over again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a argument in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, in a higher place all else, we must make America great over again."[25] Besides in December 2011, he published a volume using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a grouping of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of State's office to create the "Brand America Great Once again Political party", which would have allowed Trump to exist that party'due south nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November seven, 2012, the solar day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Paw Romney. By his own account, Trump beginning considered "We Volition Make America Great", merely did not experience like it had the right "band" to information technology. "Make America Keen" was his next slogan thought, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. Later on selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register information technology. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, simply noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the U.s. Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered as a service marker on July fourteen, 2015, later Trump formally began his 2016 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [thirty] Trump used the slogan in public as early equally August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Not bad Again" on a roadside in California soon after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Continue America Great" hat in Dec 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oftentimes used the slogan, specially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which presently became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at i betoken information technology spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or tv commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the existent hat x to one. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that's an advertizement."[28]

Following Trump'due south ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Go on America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Withal, Trump's 2020 campaign continued to utilise the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump'due south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, over again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In belatedly 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was too mocked.[38]

Less than a week afterward Trump left function, he spoke to advisors most possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Great Once more Political party". In his get-go few days out of office, he too supported Arizona country party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Political party every bit leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself past tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – information technology's MODERN Twenty-four hours PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Once again!" on July ane, 2017.[41]

In the starting time half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression assay suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lonely include: i,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with xiv% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set upwards his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with peculiarly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May 3, 2016) and afterwards winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, information technology is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because information technology "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it every bit racist coded language, but also to those who take felt a loss of status as other groups accept go more empowered."[iv] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America First did in the early on 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before information technology was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Neat Over again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Simply if you vesture i, it's a pretty good indication that you share, adore or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[vi] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more than in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists mostly, while leaving plenty of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that about ten percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[50] [ non-primary source needed ] while nearly thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the contempo global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be little doubt nearly US President Donald Trump'southward views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'faux news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was finer a promise to 'Make America Great Again; America First and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Again."[52]

Utilise past others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and But Liberals – Tin Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr later on the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let'southward Exercise What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

Afterwards Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'south primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Slap-up Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz subsequently sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Argue Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 fence.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's clearing policies regarding the U.Due south.–United mexican states border.[56] [57]

Employ by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that bully" during a September 2018 pecker signing.[58] [59] Sometime United states of america Attorney Full general Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you lot think America was great?"[60] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September one, 2018, his girl Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be fabricated great again because America was always nifty."[62] Trump after tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Cracking AGAIN!" afterwards that day.[63]

Utilise by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were normally used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Understanding. The concluding sentence of the oral communication delivered past him was "make our planet great once more."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, one-time opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Political party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Over again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protestation in Berlin with the line "Brand Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Time to come Move have often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Once more", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Again.[lxx]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Brand America Not bad Again" catchphrase as information technology appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Developed film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took role in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club tour. The bout followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Advertizing [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Brand Everything Smashing Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[73] [74]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cantankerous'due south 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Great Again".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an clan with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the Earth Trade Middle during the September eleven attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Keen Once more" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Manner [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Peachy Again" Official presidential entrada Flag to pattern a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpeting eastward.grand. 2017 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Nifty Once more" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[80]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Cracking Again" fez chapeau in 1 scene.[81]
  • The Syfy moving-picture show Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Twelvemonth (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would later use as his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the Telly spots for the moving picture featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with i stating he does so "to keep my country [America] great".[83] The next film in the franchise, The Get-go Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Over again" during his entrada against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Gratuitous Once again" in its marketing entrada.[86]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Great Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Brand America Psycho Again.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, significant Make America Trap Again.[89]
  • Make America Stone Again was a stone concert tour.[90]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide bout the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • Britain musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Make Anger Swell Again'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Make America Great Over again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Vocaliser Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Brand America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Swell Again.[95]
  • Metal band Thy Fine art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Once more" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Great Again".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Writer Octavia E. Butler used "Brand America Great Over again" every bit the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with coin from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[98] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Idiot box [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his prove Final Calendar week This night with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper noun of the Trump family.[99] [100] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 one thousand thousand views.[100]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'southward, are seen holding signs begetting the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What'south Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "brand the Empire glorious once again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used past Trump.[one]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the blackness people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Consequence occurs at 0:00.
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  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (February 5, 2019). "MAGA hats and greasepaint are different forms of expression, simply they share a sure unfortunate DNA". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them by Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump's slogan, 'Brand America great again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Country of white male person supremacy, where coal was an awesome fuel, blue-colour manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

cahillfuraggion.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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